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The process of forecasting the demand for a product or service that consumers are expected to procure in the future.
The process involves actively gathering information on customer demand, such as customers, sales, marketing, and finance, as well as the firm's capabilities in terms of supply, operations, and logistics management. This information is then used to determine whether there is a match between the requirements and capabilities. Finally, a plan is developed that optimally satisfies customer requirements while considering the limitations imposed by the supply chain capabilities.
The procedure of discerning, consolidating, and ranking all forms of demand for the comprehensive supply chain of a product or service, considering the suitable level, timeframe, and frequency. The sales forecast encompasses the following principles.
The technologies that facilitate the identification, consolidation, and prioritization of all sources of demand for a product or service within an integrated supply chain, taking into account the appropriate level, time frame, and frequency.
The initiation of material transfer to a certain work center occurs exclusively when that work center is prepared to commence the subsequent task. The use of this approach effectively eradicates the presence of a queue in front of a work center, however it may result in the formation of a queue at the conclusion of a preceding work center.
The utilization of channel data with the purpose of mitigating latency in the detection of customer purchasing patterns.
Utilizing various strategies such as program implementation, pricing mechanisms, product introduction, trade and sales incentives, as well as promotional activities.
A stimulus originating from a consumer, client, or operational use that initiates the issuance of a product or raw material. The optimal method for transmitting the demand signal is typically by electronic means, although it may also be conveyed through physical mediums like as documents, kanban systems, or telephone communication.
The procedure of discerning and quantifying the disparities and discrepancies between the demand and available resources, with the objective of ascertaining the most effective means of rectifying these variances through marketing strategies, pricing adjustments, packaging modifications, warehousing enhancements, outsourcing plans, or other appropriate actions that will enhance service quality, flexibility, cost efficiency, and asset utilization within a dynamic and cooperative setting.
1) The temporal boundary beyond which the prediction is excluded from calculations pertaining to overall demand and estimated available inventory. Within this boundary, only customer orders are taken into account. At this juncture, the aggregate demand is determined by the amalgamation of real-time orders and predictions, contingent upon the selected technique for future consumption. In certain situations, the demand time barrier may align with a specific future moment at which any modifications to the master schedule must receive approval from a higher authority than the master scheduler. It should be noted that client orders can still be committed within the demand time period without requiring higher authority approval, provided that there are available quantities to promise (ATP). In the context of production planning, the master scheduler possesses the authority to modify the master production schedule (MPS) beyond the demand time boundary, while adhering to predetermined rescheduling guidelines, without necessitating consent from higher authorities.
Various methodologies, including market research, surveys, focus groups, and performance/cost modeling, are employed to discern and ascertain emergent technology.
The expenses linked to the process of forecasting, creating plans for finished items, intermediate, subassembly, or end item inventory, and coordinating the demand and supply aspects.
The utilization of a perpetually turning wheel, known as the plan-do-check-action (PDCA) cycle, serves to illustrate the imperative requirement for interplay between market research, design, production, and sales in order to enhance quality.
In the field of marketing, the practice of segmenting potential markets based on the qualities of prospective clients is commonly employed.
The imposition of carrier charges and fees occurs when rail freight cars and ships are detained over a designated period for loading or unloading.
Below is a compilation of organizations that lack authorization to submit bids for a particular activity or receive a specific product. Certain countries have implemented prohibitions on specific things, such as guns or sensitive technology, as a means of regulation.
Density is a physical attribute of a commodity that quantifies its mass per unit volume or pounds per cubic foot. It holds significant importance in the determination of rates, as the density of a commodity directly impacts the efficiency of a carrier's vehicle utilization.
A pricing structure determined by the combination of cargo weight and density.
A site where a chemical is typically stored with the intention of future usage. A Repair Depot is a designated site or facility where
The potential for revising or completely eliminating economic restrictions pertaining to transportation. The Motor Carrier Act of 1980 and the Staggers Act of 1980 brought about significant changes to the economic regulations governing motor carriers and railroads, while the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 effectively repealed economic regulations pertaining to air carriers.
The demand for component items is derived from the need for final design products. An illustration of this relationship can be observed in the fact that the demand for steel is contingent upon the demand for automobiles.
This study focuses on a product design technique that offers a systematic and objective assessment of product designs through the use of quantitative measures.
Experimental design is a specialized field within applied statistics that encompasses the processes of formulating, executing, evaluating, and interpreting controlled experiments. These experiments are conducted with the purpose of assessing the variables that influence the value of a certain parameter or a set of parameters.
The consolidation of smaller shipments in order to save costs, either by the implementation of a systematic approach or by engaging in collaborative efforts with a third party.
The imposition of carrier charges and fees occurs when rail freight cars and ships exceed a designated period for loading or unloading.
Configure/Package-to-Order,
Models that do not incorporate any form of uncertainty, such as inventory models that do not take into account safety stock considerations.
To establish connectivity with a network, one may utilize either a telephone or a computer to initiate the calling process. The dial-up connection establishes a link between the network access point and either a node or a PAD.
A carrier that encounters a service time disadvantage along a particular route may provide a discount.
In the context of the postponed supply chain model, this represents the stage at which a final product acquires distinct characteristics.
The term "electronically generated, digitized authorization" refers to a type of authorization that is made using electronic means rather than being produced graphically. This form of authorization is distinct in that it can be linked and traced back to an authorized officer with a unique identifier.
The sales force employed by the organization is responsible for selling products or services to customers. The company has the option to either directly ship the goods to the client or delegate the shipment to a third party. However, regardless of the chosen method, the entity maintains ownership of the sales contract and keeps the rights to the receivable from the customer. The potential recipient of your product or service could potentially be a retail establishment. The transportation of goods can occur either through a direct route from the manufacturer to the client or via a distribution network that is owned by the enterprise. The transmission of order information through this channel may be facilitated by electronic methods.
A cost that can be attributed directly to a specific cost object due to the presence of a direct or repeatable cause-and-effect relationship. A direct cost is allocated or assigned based on a direct relationship or causal link to accurately attribute costs. Direct costs encompass the expenses incurred from the utilization of resources and the labor specifically engaged in the production process.
The determination of the net profit contribution associated with a particular product or product range.
The materials utilized in the production or composition of a product, such as purchased parts, solder, SMT glues, adhesives, mechanical parts, and components listed in the bill-of-materials.
A retail establishment that engages in direct procurement of goods from your business or the entity in question.
The practice of sending goods directly from a manufacturer's plant or distribution center to a customer's retail store, so circumventing the customer's distribution center, is referred to as direct shipping.
In the context of computer networks, direct data flow between sender and recipient computers is facilitated through a communication process known as transmission.
The term "Same as Direct Store Delivery" refers to a concept that is identical to the practice of Direct Store Delivery.
Tasks that can be accomplished by utilizing the comprehensive information offered by the computer system. An instance of a directed job can be observed in an order picking scenario, wherein a computer system provides explicit instructions regarding the item, location, and amount to be picked. If the computer system is unable to provide specific information regarding the location and quantity, hence requiring the worker to manually select places or modify numbers, the task would not possess a clear directive. The implementation of directed tasks facilitates the occurrence of confirmation transactions.
Contingency planning, with a specific focus on the recovery of hardware and software components, such as computer systems and applications.
The demand pattern under consideration is one that exhibits sporadic times of high demand interspersed with periods of no demand, as opposed to a consistent or constant (e.g., daily) demand.
A computation derived from the available-to-promise value within the master schedule. In the initial period, the Available-to-Promise (ATP) can be calculated by adding the starting inventory to the quantity generated by the Master Production Schedule (MPS) and subtracting any backlog that exists until the item is scheduled again. In the context of scheduling, it may be seen that for any given time period, the available-to-promise (ATP) of a particular amount is determined by subtracting all customer promises for that period as well as subsequent periods, until a different quantity is scheduled in the master production schedule (MPS). During times in which the scheduled quantity is zero, the available-to-promise (ATP) is also 0, regardless of any prior delivery promises made. The client commitments that were promised are aggregated and displayed within the time period in which the item was most recently scheduled.
Discrete manufacturing procedures include the production of goods through the assembly of separate and independent components that are not inherently coupled.
One approach to order selection involves selecting the items from a single order before moving on to the next order.
The order amount is determined such that it corresponds to a whole number of demand periods. The majority of Material Requirements Planning (MRP) systems utilize discrete order numbers.
When the conventional sales channels are dismantled and the intermediary is eliminated from the transaction. For instance, in cases where the producer directly distributes products to a shop, so circumventing the involvement of a distributor.
The carrier activities encompass the management and coordination of several operational elements, including the procurement of fuel, allocation of drivers and crews, provision of necessary equipment, and securing terminal space.
Geographically scattered inventory. For instance, in cases where a corporation manages inventory across several distribution hubs in order to enhance the quality of client service.
The process of outbound logistics involves the transportation of goods from the final stage of production to the ultimate consumer. 1) The processes encompassing the transportation of goods, typically comprising finalized products or service components, from the producer to the consumer. These operations comprise several responsibilities related to the management of logistics, including transportation, warehousing, inventory control, material handling, order administration, site and location analysis, industrial packaging, data processing, and the establishment of a communications network to facilitate successful management. This encompasses all actions pertaining to the actual distribution of goods, as well as the process of returning products to the producer. In numerous instances, this process involves the transfer of goods through one or multiple tiers of intermediary storage facilities. 2) The process of methodically dividing a complete entity into different components that possess unique attributes.
A warehouse or other specialized building which is stocked with products to be redistributed to retailers, to wholesalers or directly to consumers.
A facility used for receiving, storing, and shipping products to retailers or end customers, strategically located to optimize transportation and distribution efficiency.
A company or individual that engages in the facilitation of the movement of products and services from the producer to the ultimate consumer.
The condition of order fulfillment that a distribution operation attains when it is capable of promptly adapting to fluctuations in demand, while ensuring that all orders are shipped in full compliance with client requirements and at the lowest possible cost.
The coordination of several operational aspects such as transportation, warehousing, inventory management, materials handling, order processing, site selection, industrial packaging, data processing, and communication networks to facilitate the distribution process.
The proposed framework aims to establish a method for assessing inventory requirements at distribution centers and aggregating demand data in a reverse manner to serve as input for the production and materials system.
The expansion of distribution requirements planning to encompass the strategic planning of essential resources within a distribution system, such as warehouse space, manpower, financial resources, transportation vehicles, and freight cars.
A facility designed for the storage of completed products and the consolidation of customer orders. Distributor
A commercial entity that engages in the practice of procuring and subsequently reselling products, without engaging in the manufacturing process of these products.
The act of engaging in the sale of products to a rival company with the understanding that said products will be utilized for the purpose of servicing the customer base of the aforementioned company. Grocery Store Chain A procures orange juice from the Minute Maid brand. Grocery Store Chain A has the ability to procure products at a cost of $12.50 per case, either due to their high sales volume or as a result of promotional activities. Due to a comparatively reduced sales volume, Grocery Store Chain B procures same quantities of orange juice at a cost of $14.50 per case. Grocery Store Chain A and Grocery Store Chain B engage in a collaborative agreement. Grocery Store Chain A engages in the practice of reselling the aforementioned product to Grocery Store Chain B at a price of $13.50 per case. Grocery Store Chain A generates a profit of $1.00 per case, while Grocery Store Chain B procures the product at a price that is $1.00 lower per case compared to its purchase from Minute Maid.
One facet of a corporation's social responsibility initiative pertains to the inclusion of all individuals within the workforce, irrespective of their ethnic background, gender, age, religious beliefs, disabilities, national origin, and sexual orientation.
The process of coordinating the arrival and departure of trucks at loading docks, reducing wait times and congestion at distribution centers.
The provided document serves as evidence that a domestic carrier has successfully transported an export shipment to a steamship business.
The implementation of a system that ensures the fulfillment of predetermined quality standards and packaging specifications prior to the release of the product. The pre-qualified goods is dispatched directly into the customer's inventory. The dock-to-stock process effectively mitigates the expenses associated with component handling, particularly in the areas of receipt and inspection, thereby facilitating the direct transition of products into the production phase.
The duration commences with the receipt of merchandise from the supplier and concludes when said merchandise is stored in the warehouse and documented inside the inventory management system.
Within the realm of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), a designated document, such as an invoice or a purchase order, is established through mutual agreement between trading partners. This document is subsequently processed by the EDI software, which incorporates compliance-checking mechanisms.
The term in computer science that corresponds to the aforementioned concept is the top-level domain (TLD). In general, TLDs are mostly categorized by country, with the exception of the United States, where they are classified based on the type of organization, such as educational, commercial, and government entities. Typically, the final segment of a host name can be identified as the domain component. For instance, in the case of ibm.com, the domain component ".com" signifies the domain associated with commercial websites in the United States. Additionally, within corporate data networks, a collection of client computers managed by a server system can be referred to as a client computer group.
The air carrier designation pertains to carriers that provide services connecting significant population centers. These airlines are currently categorized as major carriers.
During a 26-week period, a carrier failed to provide service across a certain route on 5 days per week for a total of 13 weeks.
A motor carrier operation characterized by the utilization of a single tractor to tow two trailers simultaneously.
The inventory management system under consideration is characterized by the presence of two distinct order points. The minimum value corresponds to the initial order point, which encompasses the demand that occurs throughout the replenishment lead time. The second order point can be determined by adding the first order point to the average consumption during the production lead time. This technology facilitates the proactive notification of industrial entities on forthcoming replenishment orders for warehouses.
The configuration consists of two vertically stacked containers, positioned atop a railway flatcar, which is utilized for intermodal transportation services.
A automated apparatus designed for the simultaneous transportation of two conventional pallets.
The process involves integrating temporary files, which hold information accumulated over a day or week, with the primary database to facilitate its update.
In relation to the demand component of the supply chain. A company or people that engages in the process of facilitating the movement of products and services from the producer to the ultimate consumer.
The movement of goods and cargo inside a certain geographical area is commonly known as local transportation. However, it is worth noting that the transportation of freight using multiple modes of transportation, also known as intermodal freight carriage, can also be referred to as drayage.
The rules enforced by the United States. The Department of Transportation imposes regulations that establish limitations on the maximum duration a driver is permitted to operate a vehicle in interstate commerce. These regulations encompass both daily and weekly thresholds.
The scenario entails an equipment operator delivering a trailer or boxcar to a designated facility for the purpose of loading or unloading.
The practice of assuming the title of a product without physically handling, stocking, or delivering it, such as arranging for a supplier to ship directly to another supplier or to the end customer of the purchase.
Trailers that are detached from a tractor upon the truck's arrival at its designated location.
Temporary storage areas for containers or goods, situated adjacent to the wharves and occasionally in proximity to railway facilities.
A contractual agreement between a shipper, carrier, and consignee wherein the carrier deposits a fully loaded trailer at a designated location and subsequently retrieves an empty trailer for transportation.
A fulfillment method where a retailer transfers customer orders and shipment details directly to the manufacturer or wholesaler, who then ships the product directly to the customer.
The theory of limitations encompasses a comprehensive approach to resource management with the objective of optimizing throughput. The drum refers to the rate or tempo of production that is established by the limitation within the system. The implementation of buffers serves to mitigate the effects of uncertainty, so enabling the system to optimize its throughput. The rope serves as a communication mechanism between the constraint and the gating operation, which is responsible for monitoring and regulating the flow of material entering the system in order to facilitate the support of the constraint.
A motor carrier possessing both common and contract carrier operating rights.
The proposed system entails an international pricing mechanism for water carriers, wherein shippers that enter into an exclusive usage agreement with the conference are charged a reduced rate (ranging from 10% to 15%) compared to non-signing shippers for the transportation of an identical consignment.
Engaging in the practice of selling items at prices lower than their production costs in specific markets.
The packing material employed to safeguard a product from potential harm during the process of transportation.
In general, durable products with an expected service life of more than three years, such as vehicles and furniture, fall under this category.
A lot-sizing technique that generates an order quantity that is continuously recalculated.
The ongoing observation of process performance and subsequent modification of control measures.
E
The European Article Numbering (EAN) system, often known as the Uniform Code Council (UCC), is a standardized method of product identification used throughout Europe. The EAN.UCC System offers standardized identification protocols for the unique identification of trade commodities, logistical units, locations, assets, and service relations on a global scale. The identification standards establish the criteria for creating numbers that are both globally unique and unambiguous.
EAN International and the Uniform Code Council have established a network to facilitate the sharing of master data through the worldwide Data Synchronisation Network (GDSN). This network serves as a platform for partners across the worldwide supply and demand chain, and is currently incorporated under the umbrella of GS1.
The factors that determine the necessary data content and format requirements for specific business transactions, such as purchase orders. The implementation of standardized formats enhances the efficiency of transactional transactions between organizations and other trading partners.
A functional group can be defined as a grouping of one or more Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) transactions that are transmitted collectively to a shared destination. The aforementioned transactions are consolidated within a singular transmission and are differentiated by a functional group header and trailer.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is a system employed to facilitate the flow of information within the realms of administration, commerce, and transportation. The Economic Development Index (EDI) of the United Nations
A word pertaining to computer science. The Encapsulated Postscript (EPS) file format is widely utilized within the domains of computer graphics and printing. The PostScript graphics file format, first developed by Adobe Systems, has undergone extensions. EPS enables the seamless incorporation of PostScript graphical files into diverse publications.
The practice of engaging suppliers at an early stage in the product design process, leveraging their skills, insights, and knowledge to produce more efficient designs within shorter timeframes, while ensuring ease of manufacturing and good quality.
The earning capacity of a company, as a metric, is determined by its ongoing activities. It is calculated by subtracting the cost of sales, operational expenditures, and taxes from the revenues, resulting in earnings. This measure does not include deductions for interest payments and income taxes.
The optimal order quantity that minimizes total inventory costs, balancing order and holding costs to achieve the most cost-effective inventory level.
