How to Ship a Firearm: A Comprehensive Guide

Understanding Federal Regulations

Shipping firearms in the United States is heavily regulated by federal law. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) sets strict guidelines that must be followed to ensure compliance and safety.

Key Points of Federal Regulations

● Licensed Dealers and Manufacturers: Only Federal Firearms License (FFL) holders are authorized to ship firearms interstate. This means private individuals cannot ship firearms directly to another person across state lines without involving an FFL holder on both ends.

● Interstate Shipments: When shipping a firearm to another state, it must be sent to an FFL holder. The recipient must then complete a background check before taking possession of the firearm.

● Intrastate Shipments: In some states, shipping a firearm within the same state may not require an FFL, but it’s essential to check local laws as they can vary significantly.

● Prohibited Items: Fully automatic weapons, short-barreled shotguns and short-barreled rifles have additional restrictions and often require specific documentation and approval from the ATF.

Choosing the Right Shipping Carrier

Not all carriers are authorized or willing to ship firearms. It’s crucial to choose a carrier that complies with federal state regulations.

Authorized Carriers

● United States Postal Service (USPS): USPS allows the shipment of rifles and shotguns but prohibits the shipment of handguns by private individuals. Only FFL holders can use USPS to ship handguns.

● FedEx: FedEx will ship firearms but requires that the shipment be sent through their Priority Overnight service.

● UPS: UPS accepts firearms shipments but mandates that they be shipped via Next Day Air service to minimize the time the firearm is in transit.

Preparing the Firearm for Shipment

Properly preparing the firearm for shipment is essential for safety and compliance with carrier regulations.

Unload and Disassemble

● Ensure the firearm is completely unloaded. Double-check the chamber, magazine and any other compartments.

● Disassemble the firearm if possible. This can make the package more compact and less recognizable as a firearm.

Secure Packaging

● Outer Box: Use a sturdy, corrugated cardboard box. It should be new or in like-new condition to ensure strength.

● Inner Packaging: Wrap each component of the firearm in bubble wrap or foam to prevent movement and protect against damage.

● Padding: Use plenty of packing peanuts or bubble wrap to fill any empty spaces in the box, making sure the firearm components are immobilized.

● Sealing: Use strong packing tape to seal the box securely.

Labeling

● Do not label the box in a way that indicates it contains a firearm. This is both for security reasons and in compliance with carrier regulations.

● Include a copy of the recipient’s FFL inside the package if shipping interstate.

Shipping Firearms to a Manufacturer for Repair

When shipping a firearm to a manufacturer or gunsmith for repair, the process is slightly different but still requires attention to detail.

Sending to a Gunsmith or Manufacturer

● Contact the gunsmith or manufacturer beforehand to confirm their FFL status and shipping address.

● Follow the same packaging and labeling guidelines as for other firearm shipments.

● Include a note inside the package explaining the issue with the firearm providing your contact information.

Return Shipment

● The gunsmith or manufacturer can ship the firearm directly back to you without needing to go through an FFL, as long as the firearm is returned to the same address from which it was sent.

Tips for a Smooth Shipment

● Verify Laws: Always verify federal, state and local laws before shipping a firearm. Regulations can change, and it’s essential to be up to date.

● Insurance: Consider purchasing shipping insurance for your firearm. This can provide peace of mind in case the package is lost or damaged.

● Tracking: Use a shipping service that provides tracking and delivery confirmation. This allows you to monitor the package’s progress and ensure it reaches its destination safely.

● Clear Communication: Communicate clearly with the recipient. Provide them with the tracking number and an estimated delivery date.